Accra:The "Verify Before Sharing" center has confirmed information from the Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, regarding the 2026 floods and the associated risks of leptospirosis due to contaminated water and mud. This situation has led to concerns and a trend of self-medicating with antibiotics. It is crucial to be informed about the proper medical guidelines before self-medicating.
According to Thai News Agency, doxycycline is a commonly used antibiotic for preventing leptospirosis, though it is not necessary for everyone. It reduces the risk and severity of the disease but does not provide 100% protection or immunity. The bacteria can still enter the body through prolonged exposure to contaminated water.
Doxycycline is recommended only for high-risk groups, such as rescue workers who remain in standing water for more than 2-3 hours. The general public, who wade through water briefly, do not need to take this medication. Unnecessary use of doxycycline can lead to antibiotic resistance and side effects such as nausea and dizziness.
Specific guidelines for doxycycline usage include taking it immediately after meals with a full glass of water and avoiding lying down for 30 minutes to prevent esophagitis. Importantly, taking this medication does not negate the need for other precautions, such as wearing boots and washing thoroughly after water exposure. Medical attention should be sought if symptoms like fever, calf pain, or red eyes appear after wading through floodwaters.
Use of doxycycline should be guided by a healthcare professional, depending on individual risk factors. Low-risk individuals, such as those making short trips in floodwaters without open wounds, do not require medication. Moderate-risk individuals should consult a doctor for potential doxycycline use within 24-72 hours of exposure. High-risk individuals, such as rescue workers, should continue doxycycline use under medical guidance while taking other preventative measures.
Symptoms of leptospirosis, caused by Leptospira bacteria and appearing 1-2 weeks after exposure, include high fever, chills, headache, muscle pain (especially in calves), red eyes, and abdominal pain. Prompt medical attention is advised if these symptoms occur, especially following contact with contaminated water.
To reduce the risk of leptospirosis, avoid contact with floodwaters, eliminate rat breeding grounds, and ensure food and water are free from contamination. Showering and cleaning the body with soap after exposure to water or mud, as well as covering wounds, are important preventive measures.